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Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 56(4): 333-340, Jul-Aug/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716414

ABSTRACT

Currently multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus is one common cause of infections with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which directs scientific endeavors in search for novel antimicrobials. In this study, nine extracts from Bidens pilosa (root, stem, flower and leaves) and Annona crassiflora (rind fruit, stem, leaves, seed and pulp) were obtained with ethanol: water (7:3, v/v) and their in vitro antibacterial activity evaluated through both the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods against 60 Oxacillin Resistant S. aureus (ORSA) strains and against S. aureus ATCC6538. The extracts from B. pilosa and A. crassiflora inhibited the growth of the ORSA isolates in both methods. Leaves of B. pilosa presented mean of the inhibition zone diameters significantly higher than chlorexidine 0.12% against ORSA, and the extracts were more active against S. aureus ATCC (p < 0.05). Parallel, toxicity testing by using MTT method and phytochemical screening were assessed, and three extracts (B. pilosa, root and leaf, and A. crassiflora, seed) did not evidence toxicity. On the other hand, the cytotoxic concentrations (CC50 and CC90) for other extracts ranged from 2.06 to 10.77 mg/mL. The presence of variable alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins was observed, even though there was a total absence of anthraquinones. Thus, the extracts from the leaves of B. pilosa revealed good anti-ORSA activity and did not exhibit toxicity.


Atualmente Staphylococcus aureus multirresistente é causa comum de infecções com altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade mundialmente, o que direciona esforços científicos na busca de novos antimicrobianos. Neste estudo, nove extratos de Bidens pilosa (raiz, caule, flor e folhas) e de Annona crassiflora (casca do fruto, caule, folha, semente e polpa) foram obtidos com etanol:água (7:3, v/v) e suas atividades antibacteriana in vitro avaliadas através de difusão em agar e microdiluição em caldo contra 60 cepas de Oxacillin Resistant S. aureus (ORSA) e contra S. aureus ATCC 6538. Os extratos de B. pilosa e A. crassiflora inibiram o crescimento dos isolados ORSA em ambos os métodos. O extrato da folha de B. pilosa apresentou média dos diâmetros dos halos de inibição significativamente maior que a clorexidina 0,12%, contra os isolados ORSA, e os extratos foram mais ativos contra S. aureus ATCC (p < 0,05). Paralelamente, teste de toxicidade pelo método MTT e triagem fitoquímica foram avaliadas, e três extratos (raiz e folha de B. pilosa e semente de A. crassiflora) não apresentaram toxicidade. Por outro lado, as concentrações citotóxicas (CC50 e CC90) para os outros extratos variaram de 2,06 a 10,77 mg/mL. Observou-se variável presença de alcalóides, flavonóides, taninos e saponinas, apesar de total ausência de antraquinonas. Portanto, os extratos das folhas de B. pilosa revelaram boa atividade anti-ORSA e não exibiram toxicidade.


Subject(s)
Annona/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bidens/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , beta-Lactam Resistance/drug effects , Dental Clinics , Environmental Microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
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